At the G20 Osaka Summit, leaders sealed a landmark packaged agreement, including the Osaka Blue Ocean Vision, aiming to wipe out additional pollution by marine plastic litter to zero by 2050.. Countermeasures against Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing also featured for the first time in the Leaders’ Declaration. The Government of Japan intends to lead the way in taking such measures to resolve these problems. For example, Japan has launched the “MARINE Initiative” to advance effective actions to combat marine plastic litter at a global scale focusing on (1) Management of wastes, (2) Recovery of marine litter, (3) Innovation, and (4) Empowerment. Under this initiative, Japan will provide training for 10,000 officials engaging in waste management in developing countries by 2025. Businesses, non-governmental organizations and individuals should also contribute toward achieving the objectives from their respective perspectives and initiative.